Daily Quiz – 04th Apr 2024 By adminApril 5, 2024Quiz Daily Quiz - 04th Apr 2024 Daily Quiz - 04th Apr 2024 1 / 5 In the context of Earth's geological history, the terms Vaalbara, Rodinia, Pannotia refer to: Ancient species of dinosaurs that thrived during the Paleozoic era. Ancient supercontinents that existed at different points in Earth's history. Geological epochs associated with mass extinctions. Subduction zones responsible for the formation of mountain ranges. Vaalbara, Rodinia, and Pannotia are supercontinents in Earth's geological history.Vaalbara: Vaalbara is believed to be one of the earliest supercontinents, existing around 3.6 to 2.7 billion years ago during the Archean Eon. It is a supercontinent that is thought to have been located near the South Pole. The evidence for Vaalbara comes from geological and paleomagnetic studies of rocks in parts of present-day Australia, India, and South Africa.Rodinia: Rodinia is another supercontinent that is thought to have existed around 1.3 billion to 750 million years ago during the Neoproterozoic Era. It was a vast landmass that assembled from smaller continental blocks and later broke apart. Rodinia's existence is supported by geological and paleomagnetic evidence, and it played a significant role in Earth's geological history.Pannotia: Pannotia is a supercontinent that is believed to have formed approximately 600 million yearsago during the late Precambrian period. It is thought to have existed for a relatively short period before breaking apart. Pannotia is an important concept in understanding the geological events that occurred during the late Precambrian.Hence option (b) is the correct answer. Vaalbara, Rodinia, and Pannotia are supercontinents in Earth's geological history.Vaalbara: Vaalbara is believed to be one of the earliest supercontinents, existing around 3.6 to 2.7 billion years ago during the Archean Eon. It is a supercontinent that is thought to have been located near the South Pole. The evidence for Vaalbara comes from geological and paleomagnetic studies of rocks in parts of present-day Australia, India, and South Africa.Rodinia: Rodinia is another supercontinent that is thought to have existed around 1.3 billion to 750 million years ago during the Neoproterozoic Era. It was a vast landmass that assembled from smaller continental blocks and later broke apart. Rodinia's existence is supported by geological and paleomagnetic evidence, and it played a significant role in Earth's geological history.Pannotia: Pannotia is a supercontinent that is believed to have formed approximately 600 million yearsago during the late Precambrian period. It is thought to have existed for a relatively short period before breaking apart. Pannotia is an important concept in understanding the geological events that occurred during the late Precambrian.Hence option (b) is the correct answer. 2 / 5 With reference to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), consider the following statements: It is characterized by differences in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) between the western and eastern Indian Ocean. Negative IOD can lead to increased rainfall and atmospheric convection over the eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia, and northern Australia.Which of the statements given above is/are not correct? 1 only 2 only Both 1 and 2 Neither 1 nor 2 Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino, plays out in the relatively smaller area of the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west. One side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other. IOD is said to be positive when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is negative when the western Indian Ocean is cooler. Hence, statement 1 is correct.The air circulation in the Indian Ocean basin moves from west to east, that is from the African coast towards the Indonesian islands, near the surface, and in the opposite direction at the upper levels. That means the surface waters in the Indian Ocean get pushed from west to east. In a normal year, warmer waters in the western Pacific near Indonesia cross over into the Indian Ocean and make that part of the Indian Ocean slightly warmer. That causes the air to rise and helps the prevailing air circulation.In the years when the air circulation becomes stronger, warmer surface waters from the African coast are pushed towards the Indonesian islands, making that region warmer than usual. This caused hotter air to rise and the cycle reinforced itself. This is the state of negative IOD. The opposite case involves air circulation becoming slightly weaker than normal. In some rare cases, the air circulation even reverses direction. The consequence is that the African coast becomes warmer while the Indonesian coastline gets cooler.A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. During El Nino, the Pacific side of Indonesia is cooler than normal because the Indian Ocean side also gets cooler. That helps the development of a positive IOD.A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and Australia. The impacts are opposite during a negative IOD event because Negative IOD can lead to increased rainfall and atmospheric convection over the eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia, and northern Australia. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), sometimes referred to as the Indian Nino, plays out in the relatively smaller area of the Indian Ocean between the Indonesian and Malaysian coastline in the east and the African coastline near Somalia in the west. One side of the ocean, along the equator, gets warmer than the other. IOD is said to be positive when the western side of the Indian Ocean, near the Somalia coast, becomes warmer than the eastern Indian Ocean. It is negative when the western Indian Ocean is cooler. Hence, statement 1 is correct.The air circulation in the Indian Ocean basin moves from west to east, that is from the African coast towards the Indonesian islands, near the surface, and in the opposite direction at the upper levels. That means the surface waters in the Indian Ocean get pushed from west to east. In a normal year, warmer waters in the western Pacific near Indonesia cross over into the Indian Ocean and make that part of the Indian Ocean slightly warmer. That causes the air to rise and helps the prevailing air circulation.In the years when the air circulation becomes stronger, warmer surface waters from the African coast are pushed towards the Indonesian islands, making that region warmer than usual. This caused hotter air to rise and the cycle reinforced itself. This is the state of negative IOD. The opposite case involves air circulation becoming slightly weaker than normal. In some rare cases, the air circulation even reverses direction. The consequence is that the African coast becomes warmer while the Indonesian coastline gets cooler.A positive IOD event is often seen developing at times of an El Nino, while a negative IOD is sometimes associated with La Nina. During El Nino, the Pacific side of Indonesia is cooler than normal because the Indian Ocean side also gets cooler. That helps the development of a positive IOD.A positive IOD helps rainfall along the African coastline and also over the Indian sub-continent while suppressing rainfall over Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and Australia. The impacts are opposite during a negative IOD event because Negative IOD can lead to increased rainfall and atmospheric convection over the eastern Indian Ocean, Indonesia, and northern Australia. Hence, statement 2 is correct. 3 / 5 If you are traveling westward across the International Date Line, how does your calendar date change? It moves one day ahead. It moves one day behind It remains the same. It skips two days. The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on Earth's surface defining the boundary between one day and the next.The International Date Line (IDL) is located at about 180° east (or west). It is halfway around the world from the prime meridian (0° longitude), the reference point of time zones, which runs through Greenwich, UK.When you travel westward across the International Date Line (IDL), your calendar date typically advances by one day. This means that if you were on a certain date, such as January 1st, and you cross the IDL traveling westward, you would generally skip a day and land on the following date, which would be January 2nd.Conversely, if you were traveling eastward across the IDL, you would typically subtract a day from your calendar date. For example, if you were on January 1st and crossed the IDL traveling eastward, you would generally end up on December 31st of the previous year.It's important to note that the IDL is not a straight line but rather follows the 180th meridian in the Pacific Ocean, and it has been adjusted in some places to accommodate local time zones and political boundaries.Hence option (a) is the correct answer. The International Date Line (IDL) is an imaginary line on Earth's surface defining the boundary between one day and the next.The International Date Line (IDL) is located at about 180° east (or west). It is halfway around the world from the prime meridian (0° longitude), the reference point of time zones, which runs through Greenwich, UK.When you travel westward across the International Date Line (IDL), your calendar date typically advances by one day. This means that if you were on a certain date, such as January 1st, and you cross the IDL traveling westward, you would generally skip a day and land on the following date, which would be January 2nd.Conversely, if you were traveling eastward across the IDL, you would typically subtract a day from your calendar date. For example, if you were on January 1st and crossed the IDL traveling eastward, you would generally end up on December 31st of the previous year.It's important to note that the IDL is not a straight line but rather follows the 180th meridian in the Pacific Ocean, and it has been adjusted in some places to accommodate local time zones and political boundaries.Hence option (a) is the correct answer. 4 / 5 Consider the following conditions regarding Delta formation: High sediment load of the river Turbulent waves near the mouth of the river Shallow coastal waters Multiple distributaries of the riverHow many of the above conditions are favourable for delta formation? Only one Only two Only three All four Delta formation is a complex geological and geomorphological process that occurs at the mouths of rivers and is influenced by various environmental and geological conditions. The primary conditions favouring delta formation include:High Sediment Load: Deltas typically form in areas where rivers carry a significant amount of sediment, such as sand, silt, and clay. High sediment loads are crucial because they provide the material needed to build up the delta over time.Low Wave Energy: Deltas are more likely to form in regions with relatively calm and sheltered coastal conditions, where wave energy is minimal. High wave energy can disperse sediment before it has a chance to accumulate and form a delta.Turbulent waves can disrupt the formation and maintenance of deltas by redistributing sediment.Shallow Coastal Waters: Deltas tend to develop in shallow coastal areas or continental shelves. Shallow water allows sediment to settle out of the river's flow and accumulate on the seabed.Minimal Tidal Influence: Strong tidal currents can disrupt the formation and maintenance of deltas by redistributing sediment. Therefore, areas with minimal tidal influence are more conducive to delta formation.Stable Sea Level: Stable sea levels or slow rates of sea-level rise are important for delta formation. Rapid sea-level rise can submerge newly formed deltas, hindering their growth.Sufficient Freshwater Flow: Deltas thrive on a consistent supply of freshwater from rivers. Seasonal variations in flow can influence delta growth, with higher flows typically leading to more rapid deposition.Multiple Distributaries: Deltas often have multiple distributary channels through which river water and sediment can flow into the sea. These distributaries help distribute sediment across a wider area.Hence option (c) is the correct answer. Delta formation is a complex geological and geomorphological process that occurs at the mouths of rivers and is influenced by various environmental and geological conditions. The primary conditions favouring delta formation include:High Sediment Load: Deltas typically form in areas where rivers carry a significant amount of sediment, such as sand, silt, and clay. High sediment loads are crucial because they provide the material needed to build up the delta over time.Low Wave Energy: Deltas are more likely to form in regions with relatively calm and sheltered coastal conditions, where wave energy is minimal. High wave energy can disperse sediment before it has a chance to accumulate and form a delta.Turbulent waves can disrupt the formation and maintenance of deltas by redistributing sediment.Shallow Coastal Waters: Deltas tend to develop in shallow coastal areas or continental shelves. Shallow water allows sediment to settle out of the river's flow and accumulate on the seabed.Minimal Tidal Influence: Strong tidal currents can disrupt the formation and maintenance of deltas by redistributing sediment. Therefore, areas with minimal tidal influence are more conducive to delta formation.Stable Sea Level: Stable sea levels or slow rates of sea-level rise are important for delta formation. Rapid sea-level rise can submerge newly formed deltas, hindering their growth.Sufficient Freshwater Flow: Deltas thrive on a consistent supply of freshwater from rivers. Seasonal variations in flow can influence delta growth, with higher flows typically leading to more rapid deposition.Multiple Distributaries: Deltas often have multiple distributary channels through which river water and sediment can flow into the sea. These distributaries help distribute sediment across a wider area.Hence option (c) is the correct answer. 5 / 5 Which of the following protected sites is prepared for the introduction of Cheetahs as an alternative to the Kuno National Park? Kanha Tiger Reserve Ratapani Wildlife Sanctuary Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary Sariska Tiger Reserve The Madhya Pradesh Forest department has asked the Centre for an "alternate" site for cheetahs currently introduced at the Kuno National Park, which has seen the death of two felines in less than a month.Other alternative sites for cheetah introductions are being prepared by the Government at Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary and also at Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary.Quarantine and acclimatization enclosures are under construction at Gandhi Sagar WLS and the site is expected to be ready by the year end. After evaluation of the site, the next batch of cheetahs will be planned to be brought to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary. Hence option (c) is the correct answer.Conservation breeding of Cheetah Centre, Cheetah Research Centre, Interpretation Centre, Cheetah Management Training Centre and Cheetah Safari are being planned.Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary:Location:It is situated on the northern boundary of the Mandsaur and Nimach districts in Madhya Pradesh. It lies in the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forest ecoregion.It was notified in the year 1974 and added to the list of sanctuaries in 1984. River Chambal flows through the sanctuary, dividing it into two parts.Topography:The sanctuary is characterised by its diverse topography, which includes hills, plateaus, and the catchment area of the Gandhi Sagar Dam on the Chambal River.The sanctuary has many places of historical, archaeological and religious importance, such as Chaurasigarh, Chaturbhujnath temple, Bhadkaji rock paintings, Narsinghjhar Hinglajgarh fort, Taxakeshwar temple etc.Flora: The principal tree species found here are Khair, Salai, Kardhai, Dhawda, Tendu and Palash.Fauna:Herbivores like Chinkara, Nilgai and Spotted Deer, and carnivores like the Indian Leopard, Striped Hyena and Jackal are found in good numbers in the region. It also has a good population of crocodiles, fish, otters and turtles. The Madhya Pradesh Forest department has asked the Centre for an "alternate" site for cheetahs currently introduced at the Kuno National Park, which has seen the death of two felines in less than a month.Other alternative sites for cheetah introductions are being prepared by the Government at Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary and also at Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary.Quarantine and acclimatization enclosures are under construction at Gandhi Sagar WLS and the site is expected to be ready by the year end. After evaluation of the site, the next batch of cheetahs will be planned to be brought to Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary. Hence option (c) is the correct answer.Conservation breeding of Cheetah Centre, Cheetah Research Centre, Interpretation Centre, Cheetah Management Training Centre and Cheetah Safari are being planned.Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary:Location:It is situated on the northern boundary of the Mandsaur and Nimach districts in Madhya Pradesh. It lies in the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forest ecoregion.It was notified in the year 1974 and added to the list of sanctuaries in 1984. River Chambal flows through the sanctuary, dividing it into two parts.Topography:The sanctuary is characterised by its diverse topography, which includes hills, plateaus, and the catchment area of the Gandhi Sagar Dam on the Chambal River.The sanctuary has many places of historical, archaeological and religious importance, such as Chaurasigarh, Chaturbhujnath temple, Bhadkaji rock paintings, Narsinghjhar Hinglajgarh fort, Taxakeshwar temple etc.Flora: The principal tree species found here are Khair, Salai, Kardhai, Dhawda, Tendu and Palash.Fauna:Herbivores like Chinkara, Nilgai and Spotted Deer, and carnivores like the Indian Leopard, Striped Hyena and Jackal are found in good numbers in the region. It also has a good population of crocodiles, fish, otters and turtles. Your score isThe average score is 20% 0% Restart quiz