Daily Quiz – 18th Jan 2024 By adminJanuary 22, 2024Quiz Daily Quiz - 18th Jan 2024 Daily Quiz - 18th Jan 2024 1 / 5 With reference to Chausath Yogini Temple situated near Morena, consider the following statements:It is a circular temple built during the reign of Kachchhapaghata Dynasty. It is the only circular temple built in India. It was meant to promote the Vaishnava cult in the region. Its design has given rise to a popular belief that it was the inspiration behind the Indian Parliament building. Which of the statements given above are correct? 1 and 2 2 and 3 only 1 and 4 2, 3 and 4 Explanation:According to an inscription, the temple was constructed by Maharaja Devapala of the Kacchapagata dynasty, dated VS 1380 (1323 CE).This temple is situated on top of a small hill and shows a circular plan.The temple is built on a high plinth and shows pillared cloisters that run around the wall facing an open courtyard.The small cells that form 64 subsidiary shrines have a shallow pillared mandapa in front; while a circular main shrine facing east stands in the middle of the courtyard.The cells and the main shrine are flat-topped, but it is believed that initially, each had a shikhara on top.While the 64 Yoginis originally placed in the 64 subsidiary shrines are now missing, a Shiva linga has taken their places in each cell.Chausath Yogini temple near Jabalpur is also circular in design.It was not meant to promote Vaishnavism as it is dedicated to Yoginis i.e. female masters of Yoga.There is much similarity between the design of both the buildings, so some claim that it inspired the design of the Parliament building. Explanation:According to an inscription, the temple was constructed by Maharaja Devapala of the Kacchapagata dynasty, dated VS 1380 (1323 CE).This temple is situated on top of a small hill and shows a circular plan.The temple is built on a high plinth and shows pillared cloisters that run around the wall facing an open courtyard.The small cells that form 64 subsidiary shrines have a shallow pillared mandapa in front; while a circular main shrine facing east stands in the middle of the courtyard.The cells and the main shrine are flat-topped, but it is believed that initially, each had a shikhara on top.While the 64 Yoginis originally placed in the 64 subsidiary shrines are now missing, a Shiva linga has taken their places in each cell.Chausath Yogini temple near Jabalpur is also circular in design.It was not meant to promote Vaishnavism as it is dedicated to Yoginis i.e. female masters of Yoga.There is much similarity between the design of both the buildings, so some claim that it inspired the design of the Parliament building. 2 / 5 Consider the following statements:Biofilms can form on medical implants within human tissues.Biofilms can form on food and food processing surfaces.Biofilms can exhibit antibiotic resistance.Which of the statements given above are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Explanation:BiofilmBiofilm is an association of micro-organisms in which microbial cells adhere to each other on living or non-living surfaces within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances.Biofilm formation is a multi-step process starting with attachment to a surface then the formation of a micro-colony that leads to the formation of a three-dimensional structure and finally ending with maturation followed by detachment.Biofilms are ubiquitous and they form on virtually all surfaces immersed in a natural aqueous environment, e.g., water pipes, living tissue, tooth surface, implanted medical devices, dental implants, etc.Diverse microorganisms are able to grow on food matrixes and along with food industry infrastructures. Thus, biofilm can form on food and food processing surfaces. For example, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica etc. Salmonella enterica contaminates a food pipeline biofilm and may induce massive outbreaks and even death in children and the elderly.A biofilm is a structured consortium of bacteria embedded in a self-produced polymer matrix consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. Bacterial biofilms show increased tolerance to antibiotics and disinfectant chemicals as well as resisting phagocytosis and other components of the body’s defense system. Thus, they cause chronic infections. Explanation:BiofilmBiofilm is an association of micro-organisms in which microbial cells adhere to each other on living or non-living surfaces within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances.Biofilm formation is a multi-step process starting with attachment to a surface then the formation of a micro-colony that leads to the formation of a three-dimensional structure and finally ending with maturation followed by detachment.Biofilms are ubiquitous and they form on virtually all surfaces immersed in a natural aqueous environment, e.g., water pipes, living tissue, tooth surface, implanted medical devices, dental implants, etc.Diverse microorganisms are able to grow on food matrixes and along with food industry infrastructures. Thus, biofilm can form on food and food processing surfaces. For example, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica etc. Salmonella enterica contaminates a food pipeline biofilm and may induce massive outbreaks and even death in children and the elderly.A biofilm is a structured consortium of bacteria embedded in a self-produced polymer matrix consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. Bacterial biofilms show increased tolerance to antibiotics and disinfectant chemicals as well as resisting phagocytosis and other components of the body’s defense system. Thus, they cause chronic infections. 3 / 5 Consider the following pairs: Towns sometimes mentioned in news Country Aleppo Syria Kirkuk Yemen Mosul PalestineMazar-i-sharif AfghanistanWhich of the pairs given above are correctly matched? 1 and 2 only 1 and 4 only 2 and 3 only 3 and 4 only Explanation:Aleppo – Syria, Damascus (capital of Syria)Kirkuk – Iraq, Baghdad (capital of Iraq)Mosul – IraqMazar-i-sharif – Afghanistan, Kabul (Capital of Afghanistan) Explanation:Aleppo – Syria, Damascus (capital of Syria)Kirkuk – Iraq, Baghdad (capital of Iraq)Mosul – IraqMazar-i-sharif – Afghanistan, Kabul (Capital of Afghanistan) 4 / 5 Which one of the following statements about Sangam literature in ancient South India is correct? Sangam poems are devoid of any reference to material culture. The social classification of Varna was known to Sangam poets. Sangam poems have no reference to warrior ethic. Sangam literature refers to magical forces as irrational. Explanation:Sangam literature:Sangam literature is the name given to the earliest available Tamil literature.The collection of poems known as Sangam literature was produced over six centuries from about 300 BC to AD 300 by Tamils from diverse social backgrounds, although most of the work is believed to have been composed between 100 CE and 250 CE.The word ‘Sangam’ literally means association. Here, it implies an association of Tamil poets that flourished in ancient southern India.The three chief Tamil kingdoms of this period were the Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas.In Sangam society, It was during the stimulus of contact with the elements of material culture brought from the north to the extreme end of the peninsula by traders, conquerors and Jaina, Buddhists, and some Brahmana missionaries, that they came to have social classes, and they also came to practice wet paddy cultivation and founded numerous villages and towns.Sangam poems contain several incidental references to material culture, often as part of the poem’s setting or in similes and allusions. There are references to farming (rice and barley are mentioned), cattle rearing, and fishing. There are also several references to iron. Kuruntokai 16 refers to iron-tipped arrows. Akananuru 72 compares a bear digging out the comb from a termite mound, the front of which is swarming with fireflies glimmering like sparks from beaten metal, to a blacksmith forging iron.The Brahmanas came there much later from northern India. But in ancient times, they followed neither the Varna system nor the Ashram system.Broadly speaking, there were chiefly two classes of people in the early Tamil society – those who tilled the land themselves and those who got it tilled by others. The latter were wealthier and this very fact introduced inequalities in the social system. Gradually, the Varna System also started.The social classification of varna was known to Sangam poets. There is mention of the Arashar (kings), Vaishiyar (traders), and Velalar (farmers). The Brahmanas are also mentioned, some of them closely associated with the courts of kings and patronized by ruling elites. However, the four-fold varna classification had little application to ancient Tamil society. The jati system was not a feature of this society either.Sangam literature which combines idealism with realism and classic grace with indigenous industry and strength is rightly regarded as constituting the Augustan age of Tamil literature. It deals with a secular matter relating to public and social activity like government, war, charity, trade, worship, agriculture, etc.Sangam Poems are pervaded with a warrior ethic. Puram in Sangam literature is the War Poems that deal with the outer life of people. Speak of public celebration of the feats of the heroes even the death of heroes in wars.Manimekalai is a Sangam epic composed by Sattanar around 1400 years ago. It describes the story of the daughter of Kovalan and Madhavi. In this epic Magical incident have been mentioned-"One angel helps her magically disappear to an island while the prince tries to chase her, grants her powers to change forms and appear as someone else. On the island, she receives a magic begging bowl, which always gets filled".Sangam literature reflects a belief in sacred or magical forces called ananku that were supposed to inhabit various objects. The job of carrying out rites and rituals to control the ananku was that of groups such as the pariyans, tutiyans, panas and velans. They were associated with ritualistic singing, dancing, and trances, and with lighting the cremation fire and worshipping memorial stones. Explanation:Sangam literature:Sangam literature is the name given to the earliest available Tamil literature.The collection of poems known as Sangam literature was produced over six centuries from about 300 BC to AD 300 by Tamils from diverse social backgrounds, although most of the work is believed to have been composed between 100 CE and 250 CE.The word ‘Sangam’ literally means association. Here, it implies an association of Tamil poets that flourished in ancient southern India.The three chief Tamil kingdoms of this period were the Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas.In Sangam society, It was during the stimulus of contact with the elements of material culture brought from the north to the extreme end of the peninsula by traders, conquerors and Jaina, Buddhists, and some Brahmana missionaries, that they came to have social classes, and they also came to practice wet paddy cultivation and founded numerous villages and towns.Sangam poems contain several incidental references to material culture, often as part of the poem’s setting or in similes and allusions. There are references to farming (rice and barley are mentioned), cattle rearing, and fishing. There are also several references to iron. Kuruntokai 16 refers to iron-tipped arrows. Akananuru 72 compares a bear digging out the comb from a termite mound, the front of which is swarming with fireflies glimmering like sparks from beaten metal, to a blacksmith forging iron.The Brahmanas came there much later from northern India. But in ancient times, they followed neither the Varna system nor the Ashram system.Broadly speaking, there were chiefly two classes of people in the early Tamil society – those who tilled the land themselves and those who got it tilled by others. The latter were wealthier and this very fact introduced inequalities in the social system. Gradually, the Varna System also started.The social classification of varna was known to Sangam poets. There is mention of the Arashar (kings), Vaishiyar (traders), and Velalar (farmers). The Brahmanas are also mentioned, some of them closely associated with the courts of kings and patronized by ruling elites. However, the four-fold varna classification had little application to ancient Tamil society. The jati system was not a feature of this society either.Sangam literature which combines idealism with realism and classic grace with indigenous industry and strength is rightly regarded as constituting the Augustan age of Tamil literature. It deals with a secular matter relating to public and social activity like government, war, charity, trade, worship, agriculture, etc.Sangam Poems are pervaded with a warrior ethic. Puram in Sangam literature is the War Poems that deal with the outer life of people. Speak of public celebration of the feats of the heroes even the death of heroes in wars.Manimekalai is a Sangam epic composed by Sattanar around 1400 years ago. It describes the story of the daughter of Kovalan and Madhavi. In this epic Magical incident have been mentioned-"One angel helps her magically disappear to an island while the prince tries to chase her, grants her powers to change forms and appear as someone else. On the island, she receives a magic begging bowl, which always gets filled".Sangam literature reflects a belief in sacred or magical forces called ananku that were supposed to inhabit various objects. The job of carrying out rites and rituals to control the ananku was that of groups such as the pariyans, tutiyans, panas and velans. They were associated with ritualistic singing, dancing, and trances, and with lighting the cremation fire and worshipping memorial stones. 5 / 5 Volcano Mount Merapi, which erupted recently, is situated in Thailand China Indonesia Maldives Explanation:Mount Merapi (Mountain of Fire) is one of the world's most active volcanoes.It rises to 9,551 feet and has steep slopes with dense vegetation on its lower flanks.Why do more volcanoes occur in Indonesia?Indonesia is located on the Ring of Fire, a vast area around the Pacific Ocean.It consists of over 17,000 islands and islets — and nearly 130 active volcanoes.The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterised by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Explanation:Mount Merapi (Mountain of Fire) is one of the world's most active volcanoes.It rises to 9,551 feet and has steep slopes with dense vegetation on its lower flanks.Why do more volcanoes occur in Indonesia?Indonesia is located on the Ring of Fire, a vast area around the Pacific Ocean.It consists of over 17,000 islands and islets — and nearly 130 active volcanoes.The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterised by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Your score isThe average score is 40% 0% Restart quiz