Daily Quiz – 3rd Feb 2024 By adminFebruary 5, 2024Quiz Daily Quiz - 3rd Feb 2024 Daily Quiz - 3rd Feb 2024 1 / 10 Yom Kippur War was fought between which sides/ countries? Turkey and Greece Serbs and Croats Israel, and Arab countries led by Egypt and Syria Iran and Iraq Explanation:The Yom Kippur War, also known as the October War or Ramadan War, occurred from October 6 to 25, 1973, pitting Israel against Egypt and Syria. Following Israel's dominant Six-Day War victory in 1967, the conflict marked the Fourth Arab-Israeli War Explanation:The Yom Kippur War, also known as the October War or Ramadan War, occurred from October 6 to 25, 1973, pitting Israel against Egypt and Syria. Following Israel's dominant Six-Day War victory in 1967, the conflict marked the Fourth Arab-Israeli War 2 / 10 Consider the following provisions under the Directive Principles of State Policy as enshrined in the Constitution of India: Securing for citizens of India a uniform civil codeOrganising village PanchayatsPromoting cottage industries in rural areasSecuring for all the workers reasonable leisure and cultural opportunitiesWhich of the above are the Gandhian Principles that are reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy? 1, 2 and 4 only 2 and 3 only 1, 3 and 4 only 1, 2, 3 and 4 Explanation:DPSP – Socialistic PrinciplesDefinition: They are the principles that aim at providing social and economic justice and set the path towards the welfare state. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 38Promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order through justice—social, economic and political—and to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunitiesArticle 39Secure citizens:1. Right to adequate means of livelihood for all citizens2. Equitable distribution of material resources of the community for the common good3. Prevention of concentration of wealth and means of production4. Equal pay for equal work for men and women5. Preservation of the health and strength of workers and children against forcible abuse6. Opportunities for the healthy development of childrenArticle 39APromote equal justice and free legal aid to the poorArticle 41In cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement, secure citizens:1. Right to work2. Right to education3. Right to public assistanceArticle 42Make provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity reliefArticle 43Secure a living wage, a decent standard of living and social and cultural opportunities for all workersArticle 43ATake steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industriesArticle 47Raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of people and to improve public health DPSP – Gandhian PrinciplesDefinition: These principles are based on Gandhian ideology used to represent the programme of reconstruction enunciated by Gandhi during the national movement. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 40Organise village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-governmentArticle 43Promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operation basis in rural areasArticle 43BPromote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societiesArticle 46Promote the educational and economic interests of SCs, STs, and other weaker sections of the society and to protect them from social injustice and exploitation Article 47Prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to healthArticle 48Prohibit the slaughter of cows, calves and other milch and draught cattle and to improve their breeds DPSP – Liberal-Intellectual PrinciplesDefinition: These principles reflect the ideology of liberalism. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 44Secure for all citizens a UCC throughout the countryArticle 45Provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. (Note: 86th Amendment Act of 2002 changed the subject matter of this article and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21 A.)Article 48Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific linesArticle 49Protect monuments, places and objects of artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of national importance Article 50Separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the StateArticle 51Promote international peace and security and maintain just and honourable relations between nationsFoster respect for international law and treaty obligationsEncourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration S.NoArticleNew DPSPs1Article 39To secure opportunities for the healthy development of children2Article 39ATo promote equal justice and to provide free legal aid to the poor3Article 43ATo take steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industries4Article 48ATo protect and improve the environment and to safeguard forests and wildlife Explanation:DPSP – Socialistic PrinciplesDefinition: They are the principles that aim at providing social and economic justice and set the path towards the welfare state. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 38Promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order through justice—social, economic and political—and to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunitiesArticle 39Secure citizens:1. Right to adequate means of livelihood for all citizens2. Equitable distribution of material resources of the community for the common good3. Prevention of concentration of wealth and means of production4. Equal pay for equal work for men and women5. Preservation of the health and strength of workers and children against forcible abuse6. Opportunities for the healthy development of childrenArticle 39APromote equal justice and free legal aid to the poorArticle 41In cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement, secure citizens:1. Right to work2. Right to education3. Right to public assistanceArticle 42Make provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity reliefArticle 43Secure a living wage, a decent standard of living and social and cultural opportunities for all workersArticle 43ATake steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industriesArticle 47Raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of people and to improve public health DPSP – Gandhian PrinciplesDefinition: These principles are based on Gandhian ideology used to represent the programme of reconstruction enunciated by Gandhi during the national movement. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 40Organise village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-governmentArticle 43Promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operation basis in rural areasArticle 43BPromote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and professional management of co-operative societiesArticle 46Promote the educational and economic interests of SCs, STs, and other weaker sections of the society and to protect them from social injustice and exploitation Article 47Prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to healthArticle 48Prohibit the slaughter of cows, calves and other milch and draught cattle and to improve their breeds DPSP – Liberal-Intellectual PrinciplesDefinition: These principles reflect the ideology of liberalism. Under various articles, they direct the state to:Article 44Secure for all citizens a UCC throughout the countryArticle 45Provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. (Note: 86th Amendment Act of 2002 changed the subject matter of this article and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21 A.)Article 48Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific linesArticle 49Protect monuments, places and objects of artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of national importance Article 50Separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the StateArticle 51Promote international peace and security and maintain just and honourable relations between nationsFoster respect for international law and treaty obligationsEncourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration S.NoArticleNew DPSPs1Article 39To secure opportunities for the healthy development of children2Article 39ATo promote equal justice and to provide free legal aid to the poor3Article 43ATo take steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industries4Article 48ATo protect and improve the environment and to safeguard forests and wildlife 3 / 10 The Mediterranean Sea is a border of which of the following countries? JordanIraqLebanonSyriaSelect the correct answer using the code given below: 1, 2 and 3 only 2 and 3 only 3 and 4 only 1, 3 and 4 only Explanation:The following countries have a coastline on the Mediterranean Sea:Northern shore (from west to east): Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Turkey.Eastern shore (from north to south): Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt.Hence, 3 and 4 are correct.Southern shore (from west to east): Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt.Island nations: Malta, Cyprus.Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. Explanation:The following countries have a coastline on the Mediterranean Sea:Northern shore (from west to east): Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Turkey.Eastern shore (from north to south): Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt.Hence, 3 and 4 are correct.Southern shore (from west to east): Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt.Island nations: Malta, Cyprus.Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. 4 / 10 Which one of the following countries of South-West Asia does not open out to the Mediterranean Sea? Syria Jordan Lebanon Israel Explanation: Explanation: 5 / 10 Which of the following statements is/are incorrect about the atmospheric pressure distribution?Doldrums is the extremely disturbed Inter-tropical Convergence Zone where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge.Horse Latitude is a region of descending air currents or wind divergence and anticyclones.Cyclonic activities are observed in the sub-polar lows.Select the correct answer from the code given below. 1 only 2 and 3 only 1 and 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Explanation:Statement 1 is incorrect: Doldrums is the extremely disturbed Inter-tropical Convergence Zone where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge.Statement 3 is incorrect: Horse Latitude is a region of ascending air currents or wind divergence and anticyclones. World pressure beltsThere are distinctly identifi able zones of homogeneous horizontal pressure regimes or ‘pressure belts’. On the earth’s surface, there are in all seven pressure belts. These are Equatorial low, sub-tropical highs (2), the sub-polar lows (2), and the polar highs (2).Equatorial low: its width may vary between 5°N and 5°S and 20°N and 20°S depending on the apparent movement of the Sun. This belt happens to be the zone of convergence of trade winds from two hemispheresfrom sub-tropical high-pressure belts. The Intertropical Convergence Zone is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. This belt is also called the Doldrums, because of the extremely calm air movements.Sub-tropical highs: About 30°N and S. occur the Sub-Tropical High-Pressure Belts where the air is comparatively dry and the winds are calm and light. It is a region of descending air currents or wind divergence and anticyclones. It is frequently referred to as the Horse Latitudes.Sub-polar lows: Around the latitudes 60°N. and S are two Temperate Low-Pressure Belts which are also zones of convergence with cyclonic activity. The sub-polar low- pressure areas are best developed over the oceans, where temperature differences between summer and winter are negligible.Polar highs: At the North and South Poles 90°N. and S. where temperatures are permanently low, are the Polar High- Pressure Belts. Explanation:Statement 1 is incorrect: Doldrums is the extremely disturbed Inter-tropical Convergence Zone where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge.Statement 3 is incorrect: Horse Latitude is a region of ascending air currents or wind divergence and anticyclones. World pressure beltsThere are distinctly identifi able zones of homogeneous horizontal pressure regimes or ‘pressure belts’. On the earth’s surface, there are in all seven pressure belts. These are Equatorial low, sub-tropical highs (2), the sub-polar lows (2), and the polar highs (2).Equatorial low: its width may vary between 5°N and 5°S and 20°N and 20°S depending on the apparent movement of the Sun. This belt happens to be the zone of convergence of trade winds from two hemispheresfrom sub-tropical high-pressure belts. The Intertropical Convergence Zone is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. This belt is also called the Doldrums, because of the extremely calm air movements.Sub-tropical highs: About 30°N and S. occur the Sub-Tropical High-Pressure Belts where the air is comparatively dry and the winds are calm and light. It is a region of descending air currents or wind divergence and anticyclones. It is frequently referred to as the Horse Latitudes.Sub-polar lows: Around the latitudes 60°N. and S are two Temperate Low-Pressure Belts which are also zones of convergence with cyclonic activity. The sub-polar low- pressure areas are best developed over the oceans, where temperature differences between summer and winter are negligible.Polar highs: At the North and South Poles 90°N. and S. where temperatures are permanently low, are the Polar High- Pressure Belts. 6 / 10 Consider the following statements:The Hadley cells are responsible for the formation of many of the world’s driest deserts.The circulation of air in the Ferrel cell is the similar to the Hadley cell.Hadley cells are thermally indirect circulations.Select the correct answer using the codes given below: 1 only 2 only 1 and 2 only 3 only Explanation:Statement 1 is correct: The Hadley cells are low-altitude overturning circulation that creates trade winds, tropical rain belts and hurricanes, subtropical deserts and jet streams. They are responsible for the formation of many of the world’s largest and driest deserts, including the great Sahara deserts.Statement 2 is incorrect: The air cells circulating between the 30 degree and 60 degrees latitudes in both hemispheres are called the Ferrell Cells. In the mid-latitudes, the air fl ows pole-ward and eastward near the surface of the earth and equator-ward and westward at the higher altitudes. The circulation of air in the Ferrel cell is the reverse of the Hadley cell.Statement 3 is incorrect: Ferrel cells, unlike the two other cells, are thermally indirect circulation in which the warmer air descends and the cooler air rises. This is so because it is driven by the motions of the cells on either side i.e. the Hadley cells and the Polar cells. Explanation:Statement 1 is correct: The Hadley cells are low-altitude overturning circulation that creates trade winds, tropical rain belts and hurricanes, subtropical deserts and jet streams. They are responsible for the formation of many of the world’s largest and driest deserts, including the great Sahara deserts.Statement 2 is incorrect: The air cells circulating between the 30 degree and 60 degrees latitudes in both hemispheres are called the Ferrell Cells. In the mid-latitudes, the air fl ows pole-ward and eastward near the surface of the earth and equator-ward and westward at the higher altitudes. The circulation of air in the Ferrel cell is the reverse of the Hadley cell.Statement 3 is incorrect: Ferrel cells, unlike the two other cells, are thermally indirect circulation in which the warmer air descends and the cooler air rises. This is so because it is driven by the motions of the cells on either side i.e. the Hadley cells and the Polar cells. 7 / 10 Consider the following statements:The earth receives slightly more solar radiation at aphelion than at perihelion.Rotation of the earth on its axis is one of the factors that affects the variability of the insolation received on earth.Spraying of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere helps in increasing earth’s albedo effect.Which of above statements is/are correct? 1 and 2 only 2 and 3 only 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Explanation:Statement 1 is incorrect: During the earth’s revolution around the sun, the earth is farthest from the sun on 4th July. This position of the earth is called aphelion. On 3rd January, the earth is nearest to the sun. This position is called perihelion. The amount of solar radiation received by the earth is slightly more on perihelion than at aphelion.Statement 2 is correct: Rotation of the earth on its axis, transparency of the atmosphere and angle of incidence of sun’s rays are some of the factors which affect the variability of the insolation received on earth.Statement 3 is correct: Geo–engineers have suggested that spraying of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere, helps in increasing earth’s albedo effect and reduces global warming. Explanation:Statement 1 is incorrect: During the earth’s revolution around the sun, the earth is farthest from the sun on 4th July. This position of the earth is called aphelion. On 3rd January, the earth is nearest to the sun. This position is called perihelion. The amount of solar radiation received by the earth is slightly more on perihelion than at aphelion.Statement 2 is correct: Rotation of the earth on its axis, transparency of the atmosphere and angle of incidence of sun’s rays are some of the factors which affect the variability of the insolation received on earth.Statement 3 is correct: Geo–engineers have suggested that spraying of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere, helps in increasing earth’s albedo effect and reduces global warming. 8 / 10 Consider the following statements: A. The major hot deserts of the world are located on the western coasts of continents between latitudes 15° and 30° North and South. R. Trade wind blows westward from the subtropical high-pressure belts toward the intertropical convergence zone.Select the correct answer using the code given below: Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation for A. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation for A. A is correct and R is incorrect. R is correct and A is incorrect. Explanation:Option (a) is correct.Trade Wind DesertsTrade wind, persistent wind that blows westward and toward the Equator from the subtropical high-pressure belts toward the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ).The aridity of the hot deserts is mainly due to the effects of off-shore Trade Winds, hence they are also called Trade Wind Deserts. Hot, moist air rises into the atmosphere near the Equator. As the air rises, it cools and drops its moisture as heavy tropical rains. The resulting cooler, drier air mass moves away from the Equator. As it approaches the tropics, the air descends and warms up again. The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below. The major hot deserts of the world are located on the western coasts of continents between latitudes 15° and 30°N. and S.Example: Sahara Desert, Great Australian Desert, Arabian Desert, Iranian Desert, Thar Desert, Kalahari and Namib Deserts, etc. Explanation:Option (a) is correct.Trade Wind DesertsTrade wind, persistent wind that blows westward and toward the Equator from the subtropical high-pressure belts toward the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ).The aridity of the hot deserts is mainly due to the effects of off-shore Trade Winds, hence they are also called Trade Wind Deserts. Hot, moist air rises into the atmosphere near the Equator. As the air rises, it cools and drops its moisture as heavy tropical rains. The resulting cooler, drier air mass moves away from the Equator. As it approaches the tropics, the air descends and warms up again. The descending air hinders the formation of clouds, so very little rain falls on the land below. The major hot deserts of the world are located on the western coasts of continents between latitudes 15° and 30°N. and S.Example: Sahara Desert, Great Australian Desert, Arabian Desert, Iranian Desert, Thar Desert, Kalahari and Namib Deserts, etc. 9 / 10 Regarding the Equatorial Climate, consider the following statements:There is no month without rain and there is no winter.Epiphytes are a feature of this type of climate.The double rainfall peaks coinciding with the equinoxes are a characteristic feature of equatorial climates only.Which of the above statements is/are correct? 2 only 2 and 3 only 3 only 1, 2 and 3 Explanation:All statements are correct. The Hot, Wet Equatorial ClimateThe equatorial, hot, wet climate is found between 5o and 10 o north and south of the equator.The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year. The mean monthly temperatures are always around 27°C with very little variation. There is no winter. Cloudiness and heavy precipitation moderates the daily temperature, so that even at the equator itself, the climate is not unbearable. The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.Precipitation is heavy and well distributed throughout the year.Annual average is always above 150 cm. In some regions the annual average may be as high as 250 – 300 cm.There is no month without rain (distinct dry season is absent). The monthly average is above 6 cm most of the times.There are two periods of maximum rainfall, April and October [shortly after the equinox]. Least rain fall occurs in June and December [solstice]. The double rainfall peaks coinciding with the equinoxes are a characteristic feature of equatorial climates not found in any other type of climate.High temperature and abundant rainfall support a luxuriant tropical rain forest. In the Amazon lowlands, the forest is so dense that it is called ‘selvas’.It comprises a multitude of evergreen trees that yield tropical hardwood, e.g. mahogany, ebony, greenheart, cabinet wood. Lianas, epiphytic and parasitic plants are also found. Trees of single species are very scarce in such vegetation. Explanation:All statements are correct. The Hot, Wet Equatorial ClimateThe equatorial, hot, wet climate is found between 5o and 10 o north and south of the equator.The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year. The mean monthly temperatures are always around 27°C with very little variation. There is no winter. Cloudiness and heavy precipitation moderates the daily temperature, so that even at the equator itself, the climate is not unbearable. The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range.Precipitation is heavy and well distributed throughout the year.Annual average is always above 150 cm. In some regions the annual average may be as high as 250 – 300 cm.There is no month without rain (distinct dry season is absent). The monthly average is above 6 cm most of the times.There are two periods of maximum rainfall, April and October [shortly after the equinox]. Least rain fall occurs in June and December [solstice]. The double rainfall peaks coinciding with the equinoxes are a characteristic feature of equatorial climates not found in any other type of climate.High temperature and abundant rainfall support a luxuriant tropical rain forest. In the Amazon lowlands, the forest is so dense that it is called ‘selvas’.It comprises a multitude of evergreen trees that yield tropical hardwood, e.g. mahogany, ebony, greenheart, cabinet wood. Lianas, epiphytic and parasitic plants are also found. Trees of single species are very scarce in such vegetation. 10 / 10 Consider the following statements:A dry, warm summer with offshore trade winds.Rainfall in winter with on-shore westerlies.The climate is best suitable for wine production.Which of the following climate type best suits the above characteristics? Laurentian British China Mediterranean Explanation:Option (d) is correct.Mediterranean TypeThe Warm Temperate Western Margin Climate is found in relatively, few areas in the world. They are entirely confi ned to the western portion of continental masses, between 30° and 45° north and south of the equator.The basic cause of this type of climate is the shifting of the wind belts. Though the area around the Mediterranean Sea has the greatest extent of this type of ‘winter rain climate’, and gives rise to the more popular name Mediterranean Climate. Other Mediterranean regions include California (around San Francisco), the south-western tip of Africa (around Cape Town), southern Australia (in southern Victoria and around Adelaide, bordering the St. Vincent and Spencer Gulfs), and south-west Australia (Swanland).The Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by very distinctive climatic features - a warm summer with off-shore trades, a concentration of rainfall in winter with onshore westerlies, bright, sunny weather with hot dry summers and wet, mild winters and the prominence of local winds around the Mediterranean Sea(Sirocco, Mistral). Since all regions with a Mediterranean climate are near large bodies of water, temperatures are generally moderate with a comparatively small range of temperature between the winter low and summer high. Areas with this climate receive almost all of their yearly rainfall during the winter season, and may go the summer without having any signifi cant precipitation.Trees with small broad leaves are widely spaced and never very tall. Though there are many branches they are short and carry few leaves. The absence of shade is a distinct feature of Mediterranean lands. Growth is slow in the cooler and wetter season, even though more rain comes in winter.The warm, bright summers and cool, moist winters enable a wide range of crops to be cultivated. The Mediterranean lands are also known as the world’s orchard lands. A wide range of citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, citrons, and grapefruit are grown. Wine production is another specialtythe Mediterranean countries, because the best wine is essentially made from grapes. Some 85 percent of grapes produced, go into wine. The long, sunny summer allows the grapes to ripen and then they are handpicked.The area is important for fruit cultivation, cereal growing, wine-making and agricultural industries as well as engineering and mining. Explanation:Option (d) is correct.Mediterranean TypeThe Warm Temperate Western Margin Climate is found in relatively, few areas in the world. They are entirely confi ned to the western portion of continental masses, between 30° and 45° north and south of the equator.The basic cause of this type of climate is the shifting of the wind belts. Though the area around the Mediterranean Sea has the greatest extent of this type of ‘winter rain climate’, and gives rise to the more popular name Mediterranean Climate. Other Mediterranean regions include California (around San Francisco), the south-western tip of Africa (around Cape Town), southern Australia (in southern Victoria and around Adelaide, bordering the St. Vincent and Spencer Gulfs), and south-west Australia (Swanland).The Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by very distinctive climatic features - a warm summer with off-shore trades, a concentration of rainfall in winter with onshore westerlies, bright, sunny weather with hot dry summers and wet, mild winters and the prominence of local winds around the Mediterranean Sea(Sirocco, Mistral). Since all regions with a Mediterranean climate are near large bodies of water, temperatures are generally moderate with a comparatively small range of temperature between the winter low and summer high. Areas with this climate receive almost all of their yearly rainfall during the winter season, and may go the summer without having any signifi cant precipitation.Trees with small broad leaves are widely spaced and never very tall. Though there are many branches they are short and carry few leaves. The absence of shade is a distinct feature of Mediterranean lands. Growth is slow in the cooler and wetter season, even though more rain comes in winter.The warm, bright summers and cool, moist winters enable a wide range of crops to be cultivated. The Mediterranean lands are also known as the world’s orchard lands. A wide range of citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, citrons, and grapefruit are grown. Wine production is another specialtythe Mediterranean countries, because the best wine is essentially made from grapes. Some 85 percent of grapes produced, go into wine. The long, sunny summer allows the grapes to ripen and then they are handpicked.The area is important for fruit cultivation, cereal growing, wine-making and agricultural industries as well as engineering and mining. Your score isThe average score is 43% 0% Restart quiz